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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kurtem | om kurto |
| 2SG: | kurtet | ot kurto |
| 3SG: | kurta | ok/ogeš kurto |
| 1PL: | kurtena | ona/ogə̑na kurto |
| 2PL: | kurteda | oda/ogə̑da kurto |
| 3PL: | kurtat | ogə̑t kurto |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kurtə̑šə̑m | šə̑m kurto |
| 2SG: | kurtə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kurto |
| 3SG: | kurtə̑š | ə̑š kurto |
| 1PL: | kurtə̑šna | ə̑šna kurto |
| 2PL: | kurtə̑šda | ə̑šda kurto |
| 3PL: | kurtə̑št | ə̑št kurto |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kurtenam | kurten omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kurtenat | kurten otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kurten | kurten ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kurtenna | kurten onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kurtenda | kurten odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kurtenə̑t | kurten ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kurtem ə̑l'e | om kurto ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kurtet ə̑l'e | ot kurto ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kurta ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kurto ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kurtena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kurto ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kurteda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kurto ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kurtat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kurto ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kurtem ulmaš | om kurto ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kurtet ulmaš | ot kurto ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kurta ulmaš | ok/ogeš kurto ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kurtena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kurto ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kurteda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kurto ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kurtat ulmaš | ogə̑t kurto ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kurtenam ə̑l'e | kurten omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kurtenat ə̑l'e | kurten otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kurten ə̑l'e | kurten ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kurtenna ə̑l'e | kurten onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kurtenda ə̑l'e | kurten odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kurten ə̑l'e | kurten ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kurtenam ulmaš | kurten omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kurtenat ulmaš | kurten otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kurten ulmaš | kurten ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kurtenna ulmaš | kurten onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kurtenda ulmaš | kurten odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kurten ulmaš | kurten ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kurto | it kurto |
| 3SG: | kurtə̑žo | ə̑nže kurto |
| 1PL: | (kurtena) | (ona/ogə̑na kurto) |
| 2PL: | kurtə̑za | ida kurto |
| 3PL: | kurtə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kurto |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kurtə̑nem | ə̑nem kurto |
| 2SG: | kurtə̑net | ə̑net kurto |
| 3SG: | kurtə̑neže | ə̑než kurto |
| 1PL: | kurtə̑nena | ə̑nena kurto |
| 2PL: | kurtə̑neda | ə̑neda kurto |
| 3PL: | kurtə̑nešt | ə̑nešt kurto |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kurtə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kurto ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kurtə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kurto ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kurtə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kurto ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kurtə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kurto ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kurtə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kurto ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kurtə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kurto ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kurtə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net kurto ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kurtə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než kurto ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kurtə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda kurto ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kurtə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kurto ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kurtaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kurtə̑man |
| Active participle: | kurtə̑šo |
| Passive participle: | kurtə̑mo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kurtə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | kurtə̑də̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kurten |
| Negative gerund: | kurtə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | kurtə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kurtə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kurtə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kurtə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | kurtə̑də̑maš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||